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Byron is a city in Ogle County, Illinois, United States, probably best known as the location of the Byron Nuclear Generating Station, one of the last nuclear power plants commissioned in the United States. Byron is located in Byron Township, along the Rock River. The population was 3,753 at the 2010 census, up from 2,917 at the 2000 census. The town bills itself as the "Gateway to the Rock River Valley".

The city that is now Byron, was founded when a settler by the name of Jared Sanford rode through the area on his way from Galena to Midway.

Byron is located in Byron Township at the junction of Illinois Route 72 and Illinois Route 2. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.5 square miles (6.4 km²), all of it land. Byron's topography includes a natural prairie and the Rock River that passes through the town. It is generally flat and is ideal for farming in most regions.

Nearby cities include Rockford, German Valley, Monroe Center, Pecatonica, Cherry Valley.